Clarification of Romans 2 & 15 New Covenant Truths

Is it possible that Paul is making a distinction between believing and unbelieving Jews in Romans 2:28–29 instead of spiritual Jews? “For no one is a Jew who is merely one outwardly, nor is circumcision outward and physical. But a Jew is one inwardly, and circumcision is a matter of the heart, by the Spirit, not by the letter.” Yes, my explanation last Sunday may not have been correct. Paul may be distinguishing between believing and unbelieving ethnic Jews. However, that does not impact these 15 New Covenant (NC) truths:

1. Christ’s death inaugurated the NC in Jerusalem nearly 2,000 years ago (Luke 22:20; Heb 9:15–17).
2. Jesus Christ is the present Mediator of the NC (Heb 8:6; 9:15; 12:24). If Christ is your Savior, you are in the NC because He is your Mediator.
3. The Lord’s Supper celebrates the NC established by Christ (Luke 22:20; 1Co 11:25).
4. Believer’s baptism is the sign of entrance into the NC community. Baptism is the outward sign of the inward reality of heart circumcision (Rom 6:4; 1Co 12:13; Col 2:11–12). This is why we only baptize professing believers.
5. The first members of the NC community were primarily born-again ethnic Jews. Think of the disciples of Jesus (all Jews), followed by those in the upper room, and then the 3,000 Jews added to the household of faith (the church) (Acts 1–2).
6. Gentiles were later added to that same NC community. Think Cornelius (Acts 10). Christ tore down the dividing wall of hostility between Jew and Gentile and created one new man (Eph 2:14–16).
7. There are NOT two peoples of God. There is one body, one Spirit, one hope, one Lord, one faith, and one baptism (Eph 4:4–6). There are not two olive trees. Believing Gentiles were grafted into the one cultivated olive tree (Rom 11:17–24).
8. Believing Gentiles stand on the same NC footing before God as believing Jews. There is no distinction between Jew and Gentile regarding salvation or access to God through Christ (Rom 10:12; Eph 2:18; 3:6).
9. Paul describes his ministry to the Corinthian church—a congregation consisting of both Jews and Gentiles—as a ministry of the NC (2Co 3:6). He also reminds that same church that the Lord’s Supper celebrates the NC (1Co 11:25).
10. Circumcision of the heart is not limited to ethnic Jews. Every born-again believer has experienced the spiritual circumcision accomplished by Christ through the Spirit (Phi 3:3; Col 2:11–12; Titus 3:5).
11. Every believer is united to Jesus Christ by the Holy Spirit (Rom 8:9–11; 1Co 12:13). Consequently, every spiritual blessing—including every NC blessing—is received in Christ, not through ethnicity (Gal 3:26–29; Eph 1:3). Think Ruth in the OT.
12. If you are a born-again believer in Christ (converted, saved), you are a spiritual son or daughter of Abraham (Gal 3:6–7). This is what I mean by a spiritual Jew.
13. The Greek word for house in the “house of Israel” (Jer 31, LXX) is the same Greek word used for the house and household of God. All who believe (Jews and Gentiles) are part of Christ’s house (1Ti 3:15; Eph 2:19; Heb 3:6).
14. All the promises made to ethnic Israel find their ultimate fulfillment in Christ (2Co 1:20) and His eternal kingdom on the new earth.
15. Finally, there has always been a believing remnant (true Israel) within national Israel (Rom 11:5). Joshua and Caleb believed, while the other ten spies did not (Num 14:6–9, 24, 30). Their entrance into the physical Promised Land foreshadowed the greater inheritance promised to all who believe (Gal 3:29; Heb 4:8–11). Recognizing that there has always been a believing remnant within national Israel explains why I use the term “true Israel” to distinguish believing Israel from unbelieving Israel. Jesus uses “true” in the same way in John 4:23, placing “true” before “worshipers” to distinguish believers from unbelievers.